Monday, July 1, 2013

Biological Adaptation

In genetic evolution physiological  and behavioural  changes result in increased chances of survival in a given environment. In the biological sense adaptation means  individual responses  which act to maintain  homeostatis as also evolutionary change  over generations towards attaining  increased fitness to live and thrive.The concept is also applied to human behavior and socio-cultural evolution.

Evolutionary change in the genetic composition of a population may represent  either progressive adaptation to constant environmental  conditions or adjustment  to changing environmental conditions.

Macroevolution  is broadly similar to adaptive radiation. Through this process diversification of an initial  stock into smaller stocks takes place  and each becomes adapted  to its own environment.Adaptive radiation in biological  sense is most strikingly illustrated  among invertebrates  in groups showing rapid diversification above the species level.

During evolution change in relative growth of different  parts of the  body of a species  may give rise to different physical  proportions. Changes  relatively  gradual through time may account for adaptation to environment.

In the concept of pre adaptation animals must already possess characters capable of being modified if they have to adapt to new environments.

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